Te mahi me te tono o ngā pūnaha rokiroki pūngao

He whakamārama ki ngā pūnaha rokiroki pūngao

Ko ngā Pūnaha Rokiroki pūngao (ESS) he pūrere matua i hangaia hei rokiroki pūngao mō te whakamahinga o muri mai. He tino mahi tā rātou ki te whakataurite i te tono me te tuku pūngao, me te whakanui ake i te tōtika o te kohi pūngao. Ka taea e te ESS te tango i ngā momo momo, tae atu ki ngā pūhiko, nga wira rere, me ngā rokiroki wera me te matū, i whakaritea ki te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia pūngao motuhake me ngā wā. Ka whakaitihia e rātau ngā tono mō ngā taumahatanga tino nui, nā reira ka ārai i te whakawhāiti i ngā whatunga hiko, ā, ka whakarite kia wātea tonu te pūngao. I tua atu, ka whakarei ake te ESS i te pono o te pūngao, e whakarato ana i tētahi pūhara ki ngā nekehanga o te tuku, e āwhina ana hoki ki te whakapūmau i ngā pūnaha pūngao. I te mea e kaha ana ngā iwi ki te whakaiti i ngā huānga waro me te whakamahi i te pūngao mā, ka puta mai te ESS hei kōhatu matua e tautoko ana i ēnei whakawhitinga.

Ngā momo pūnaha rokiroki pūngao

He mea nui te mārama ki ngā momo pūnaha rokiroki pūngao rerekē nā te mea he painga motuhake, he tono hoki tā rātou. Ko tētahi momo tino nui ko te Pūnaha rokiroki pūngao pūhiko . I roto i ngā pūhiko, ka puta ake te lithium-ion nā tōna kaha nui me tōna whakamahinga whānui i roto i ngā hikohiko kawe me ngā waka hiko. Ka tere te whakautu, ā, ka taea e ia te rokiroki pūngao nui mō te whakamahi poto ki te wā-roa. Ko ngā pūhiko rere, pēnei i te vanadium redox, he roa ake te ora, ā, he pai mō ngā hiahia rokiroki pūngao nui ake, roa ake hoki. Ngā pūnaha rokiroki wera te whakamahi i te pūngao wera mō te whakamahi i muri mai. Ka whakamahia ngā hangarau pēnei i te tote rewa i roto i ngā pūkaha pūngao o te rā, e rokiroki ana i te wera kia hurihia hei hiko ina hiahiatia. Ko ngā pūnaha wai makariri tētahi atu tikanga, e rokiroki ana i te pūngao makariri mō ngā whāinga makariri i te wā o te hiahia tino nui, nā reira e whakarite ana i te whakamahinga pūngao whai hua. Ngā Rongoā Whakahaere Mechanical , tae atu ki te hāpaitia haapiti me ngā karu whirling, e whai ana i ngā kaha kinetika me te pōkai kawe kia roa ai te hiko. Ko te hāpaitia haapiti, he tikanga matatau mo te rahi o te hiko, ka whai wāhi ngā taiapa wai ki te penapena me te whakawhitinga hiko, e tuku ana i te kapita nui. Ko ngā karu whirling ka penapena i te hiko ki roto i tētahi mātātoko e karu ana, e tuku ana i ngā hiako tere hiko, ā, he pai mō te tūpono o te whatunga me te whakaritenga i te tatau. I te ao o Te rokiroki pūngao hauwai , ka penapenatia te hiko ma te hanga i te hauropi tritium mā te taraiwa. He tikanga e tino āki ai mō te roa-roa, te rahi-rangi hoki, nā te mea ka taea te penapena ake noa i te hauropi, ka hoki hoki ki te hiko anuātea mā ngā kātene kiko, i ngā mahi rerekē rānei pērā i te kaipuke, i ngā mahi hangarau hoki. Whakamutua, Te rokiroki hiko kei roto i ngā pūnaha matatau kua hangaia hei whakanui ake i te pūngao me te roa o te ora. Ko ngā mahi hou i tēnei āpure e whai ana ki te hanga i ngā rongoā rokiroki pai ake, roa ake hoki, e whakarite ana i tētahi heke mai pūngao pūmau mā te whakaiti i ngā ururua, me te whakapai ake i te pono o te whakauru i ngā pūngao whakahou. Ko ia pūnaha he tūranga nui i te whakawhiti ki tētahi hanganga pūngao kaha ake, ā, e mau tonu ana.

Ngā Kaupapa Mahi o ngā Pūnaha Whakaora pūngao

He mea nui te mārama ki ngā kaupapa herehere o ngā Pūnaha Taiwhanga Kaha (ESS) mō te whakahaere kaha tika. Ko ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Riipene (BMS) he wāhi matua nui hei arotake i ngā tikanga riipene kia pai ai te mahi me te roa o te ora. Ka tiaki te BMS i ngā wāhanga matua pērā i te wera, te tohatoha, me te awheawhe, ka tiaki i ngā riipene mai i te tīkaukau hoki anō, ā, ka toruhia te ora o ngā riipene. He nui te pānga o ngā wehenga tīkaukau/tango kaha o roto i te ESS ki te maru kaha me te mahinga. Ko ēnei wehenga e tohu ana ki te ara e taiwhangia ana te kaha ā, ka whakamahia ki muri, ka pā atu te maru ki ngā āhuatanga pērā i te upoko aunoa, me te kimikimi o te riipene. Mā te wehenga tīkaukau e ririhau ai ngā riipene i te wā, engari kei te pai haere ngā hangarau hou i te kaha me te maru o ngā riipene. Ko te hononga o te ESS me ngā rāwekenga kaha hou, pērā i te rā me te hau, he whakautu tino pai mō te whakapumautanga i te tīkaukau. Mā te taiwhanga i te kaha hokohoko i ngā wā tino hokohoko, ka whakarato te ESS i tētahi rere kaha tata, ā, ahakoa e rerekē ana ngā rāwekenga taketake. Kāore anō nei i te tautoko i ngā tikanga kaha whai māramatanga engari ko te whakapai ake hoki i te pono o te whatunga mā te whakatorea i te tīkaukau me te inoi.

Ngā Whakamahi o ngā Rāngai Taipū Pūkupu

Ko ngā Pūnaha Rangahau Kaha (ESS) ka whakawhitinga matua ki te whakapumautanga i ngā huinga hiko, ā, ko te tīmatanga ko te whakarato rāwekenga mātauranga me te tautoko i te pono i ngā wā e te nui ake te hiahia. Āwhina ēnei pūnaha i te whakataratara i ngā takotoranga poto i waenganui i te kaha e whai ana me te hiahia mā te tuku, i te hura rānei i te hiko e hiahiatia ana, he mea nui rawa tēnei hei pupuri i te hiko e mōhiotia ana. Ko te whakamahi i te ESS i tēnei āhuatanga e muru ai i te hiahia ki ngā whakapae hiko tuarangi, ā, ka piki ake te pumau o te huinga me te mahi uaua.Kātahi ka taea e te ESS te whakamahi i te kaha houngongoi i te wā e iti ake ana te huringa, pērā i te ahiahi ina heke te huringa, ka pai ake te uauatanga o ngā rāwarawa kaha hou. He mea matua nui tēnei āhua hei whakamātau i te pikinga o ngā rāwarawa kaha pōturi pērā i te rā me te hau.Wakamutunga, ko te ESS he raihana pūmahara pūmahara, āhuatia ki ngā takiwā matua pērā i ngā hōhipera, ngā ratonga tūmatanui, me ngā pokapū raraunga. Whakarato ēnei pūnaha i te aronga pūmahara mōhiotia, ka tiaki i ngā mahi matua mai i ngā pānga kino pea o ngā whatiwa hiko. Ko te āhua o te whakarato i tētahi punaha hiko mōhiotia mā te ESS he mea matua nui ki te pupuri i te maru o ngā ratonga matua nei.

Nga Painga o ngā Pūnaha Whakaora pūngao

Ko ngā punaha pūmahara kaha (ESS) kei te whai wāhi matua nui ki te whakapai ake i te noho tata o te hiko, mā te whakarite kia rere pai te tukatuka kaha, me te whakaiti i ngā wā kaua e puta ai te hiko. Ko te whakauru i te ESS ki ngā whatunga hiko e āwhina ana i te pūmahara i te hiko e toru ana i ngā wā e iti ana te hiahia, ka tukuna anō ina tuanui ana te hiahia. Ka whakaiti tēnei āhuatanga i te putanga o ngā pouri hiko, ā, āwhina hoki i te tuku i te hiko tata. Hei tauira, i ngā wā ka tautoheka ngā pūhiko hiko, i ngā wā ka piki marino te hiahia ki te hiko, ka taea e te ESS te urupare tūmatawhāiti, ka toitū te whatunga, ka mau tonu te tuku hiko. Ko tētahi atu aronga o te ESS ko tōna utu-āhua ki te whakahaere kaha, e whakaatu ana i te āheinga ki te heke i ngā utu mō te kaha mō ngā kaiwhakamahi, mō ngā kamupene hoki. Mā te whakamahi i te 'peak shaving', ka āwhina te ESS i te heke i ngā utu mō te hiahia ki te hiko, ēnei utu e hoatutia ana mō te nuinga o te hiko i ngā wā tuanui. Nō reira, ka taea e ngā kamupene te whakahaere i ō rātou utu mō te kaha tika ake. Anō hoki, ko ngā whānau e whai ESS ana ka tīmata i ngā utu mō te wā, mā te tāpoi i ā rātou punaha i ngā wā e iti ana ngā utu mō te hiko, ka whakaputangia i ngā wā e nui ana ngā utu. Ko te ESS anō hoki te kawe i te hurihanga ki te kaha maamaa, mā te āwhina i te nuinga o ngā rongoā hiko hou, ka iti ai te horoka ki ngā kōpae parahi. Mā te āhua o te pūmahara i te hiko e rere ana mai i ngā rongoā hiko hou pērā i te rā, i te hau, ka tiakina te wāhi e wātea ana te hiko ahakoa kāore te rā e mārama ana, kāore hoki te hau e pakaru ana. Kāore anō pea tēnei āhua e āwhina ana i te whatunga hiko e tino arataki ana, engari ka whakatenatena hoki i te whakauru ake i ētahi atu punaha hiko hou, e hāngai ana ki ngā whāinga o te ao mō te heke i te karboni.

Ngā Whakamomori me ngā Whakarite

Ina whakamahia ngā Pūnaha Rangahau Kaha (ESS), me whai whakaaro ki ētahi here herekore me ngā here ohaoha. Ko tētahi wero matua ko te utu tuatahi teitei e hāngai ana ki ēnei pūnaha, e nui ake ai te uaua o te whaiwhai mō ngā kamupene me ngā kaiwhakamahi. Ka taea e te whanaketanga o ngā hangarorotanga matatau te whakaiti i ēnei utu i te roanga roa, engari me nui ake te rangahau me te auahatanga kia tino wātea ake, kia rerekē ake hoki te ESS. He nui te pānga o ngā kaupapa herehere ki te whakauru i ngā hangarorotanga whakarerea kaha. Ko ngā hanganga takutai o nāianei, me ngā āwhina e noho wehe ana i te whakaaetanga, i te tere hoki o te whakauru i te ESS. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā āwhina pērā i ngā tohutohu tāke, i ngā taripō rānei e pai ana te whakatenatena i te whaiwhai ki te ESS. I te taunga atu, ka taea e ngā here herekore, i te kore rānei o ngā kaupapa here e tautoko ana te whakauru, te whakaroa i te whakauru, i te auahatanga hoki. He mea nui anō ngā whakaaro taiao ina tirohia ngā ratonga ESS. Ko te tū mauritau o te ora o ēnei pūnaha e hiahiatia ana he tirotiro tika i te puna rauemi, ngā tikanga hanga, me te whakahaerenga i te mutunga o te wā tonu. Mā te whakapono kei te puna tika ngā rauemi, kei te tika hoki ngā tikanga whakahaere paraikete, ka iti ake ngā pāga o te taiao, ā, ka āki ai ki tētahi anamata kaha e tū ake ana.

Te Tō muri mai o ngā Pūnaha Whakaora pūngao

Ko te heke mai o ngā pūnaha rokiroki pūngao (ESS) e whakaari ana i ngā whakahoutanga nui, i ahu mai i ngā nekehanga o te hangarau. I roto i ēnei, ko ngā pūhiko pūngāwerewere me ngā tikanga rokiroki wera pai ake i te aroaro. Ko ngā pūhiko pūngāwerewere, e mōhiotia ana mō tō rātou kaha pūngao me tō rātou haumaru, e tuku ana i tētahi hurihanga ā-tinana ki te kaha o te rokiroki. Kei te puta mai anō ngā tikanga rokiroki wera pai ake, i hangaia hei hopu me te pupuri i te pūngao mai i ngā pūtake whakahou, kia iti ake ai te whakawhirinaki ki ngā pūngao kōhao. He tino nui te mahi tahi i waenganui i ngā kāwanatanga me ngā ahumahi i te whakawhanaketanga o ngā hangarau rokiroki pūnga He mea nui tēnei hononga ki te pūtea rangahau me te whakatairanga i tētahi taiao e taea ai e ngā rongoā auaha te tipu. Mā te whakakotahi i ngā rauemi me ngā pūkenga, ka taea e ngā rōpū whai pānga te tere ake i te whakawhiti ki ngā whatunga pūngao pūmau. I te nuinga o te wā ka puta i ēnei mahi ngā kaupapa whakamātautau me ngā pūtea e whakatakoto ana i ngā kaupapa hei whai oranga arumoni me te whakatinana whānui. Kei roto i ēnei he whāinga tino mārō mō te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau hauariki me te whakanui ake i te kaha o te pūngao. I te whanaketanga o ēnei hangarau, e tūmanakohia ana ka whai wāhi nui rātau ki te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā puna pūngao waro-nui, kia tino kaha ai te pūngao me te pūngao mātao. Ko te awhi i ēnei whakatutukitanga e whakatakoto ana i te huarahi ki te whakatutuki i te whakaputanga iti o te waro me te whakatairanga i te pūngao pūngao o te ao.